Chaos theory

Chaos theory is cosmic mathematics focusing on chaos — stating that, within the apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems, there are underlying patterns, interconnectedness, constant feedback loops, repetition, self-similarity, fractals, and self-organization. The butterfly effect describes how a small change in one state of a deterministic system can result in large differences in a later state. A metaphor for this behavior is that a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere can cause a hurricane somewhere else in the world.

The deterministic nature of these systems did not make them predictable and was known as deterministic chaos. Eventually advancements in mathematics unraveled the mysteries of the chaos in many systems and greatly advanced their predictability.

Chaotic behavior exists in many natural systems, including fluid flow, heartbeat irregularities, weather, climate, and population and migration models of wildlife.

It also occurs in artificially created systems like economics, the stock market and road traffic where input factors, parameters and variables are too complex and ever-changing to predict.

Applications are diverse, ranging from cryptography and robotics, to predicting gas expansion, psychological traits, traffic and weather forecasting, interactions of particles and forces with an environment, and so on.

A goal for some is to create order out of the apparent chaos. Higher level civilizations eventually figure out whether there is order in highly complex systems like entire universes, or whether there is eternal chaos.

In non-reality there is an eternal battle between Order and Chaos.