Technogaia

Technogaia is a future Earth where the use of emerging and future technologies will help restore Earth's environment. This has to be achieved before mankind reaches Type I.

Philosophy
The philosophy of creating such an Earth is called technogaianism. The counter argument is that technology necessarily degrades the environment, and that environmental restoration can therefore occur only with reduced reliance on technology. Technogaians argue that technology gets cleaner and more efficient with time, and that nanotechnology and biotechnology can directly reverse environmental degradation. Molecular nanotechnology, for example, could convert garbage in landfills into useful materials and products, while biotechnology could lead to microbes that devour hazardous waste.

Environmental monitoring
These include land and space-based observations on solar activity, sea level rise, the temperature of the atmosphere and the oceans, the state of the ozone layer, air pollution, and changes in sea ice and land ice.

Geoengineering
Climate engineering focuses on carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management to offset the effects of global warming. Carbon dioxide removal addresses a cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

Earthquake engineering is concerned with protecting society and the natural and man-made environment from earthquakes by limiting the seismic risk to acceptable levels.

Terraforming can be done to a planet, moon, or other body by deliberately modifying its atmosphere, temperature, or ecology to be similar to those of Earth in order to make it habitable by humans.

Genetic engineering
The human impact on the environment could be reduced by genetically engineering humans to have, a smaller stature, an intolerance to eating meat, and an increased ability to see in the dark, thereby using less lighting.

Genetically modified foods have reduced the amount of herbicide and insecticide needed for cultivation.