Maglev

A maglev (from magnetic levitation) is train that uses two sets of magnets: one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantage of the lack of friction. The train travels along a guideway of magnets which control the train's stability and speed.

Maglev vehicles have set several speed records, and maglev trains can accelerate and decelerate much faster than conventional trains. The Shanghai Transrapid has a top speed of 430 km/h and is the fastest operational high-speed maglev train.

The L0 series has exceeded 600 km/h in 2015. This uses a SCMaglev (superconducting maglev) system of electrodynamic suspension (EDS). The trains' bogies have superconducting magnets installed, and the guideways contain two sets of metal coils. As the train accelerates, the magnetic fields of its superconducting magnets induce a current into these coils due to the magnetic field induction effect. These coils also generate guiding and stabilizing forces.

A limitation of maglev is overcoming drag which takes the most energy and vactrain technology overcomes this.

StarTram is a proposed space launch system propelled by maglev. The initial Generation 1 facility would launch cargo only, launching from a mountain peak at up to 7km. More advanced technology would be required for the Generation 2 system for passengers, with a longer track instead gradually curving up at its end to the thinner air at 22km altitude, supported by maglev, reducing g-forces when each capsule transitions from the vacuum tube to the atmosphere.